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Chronic pain comes in many forms and can occur from a variety of circumstances such as traumatic injury, disease and medical afflictions such as migraines, arthritis as well as other muscular and skeletal conditions. In the past, those suffering from chronic pain often had few treatment options and were resigned to living with their pain. Things have changed over the years with advances in medicine and now there is no reason for sufferers to live with chronic pain as many treatment options are available.

What is Chronic Pain?

According to several medical resources, chronic pain is defined as frequently recurring severe pain that flares up frequently and does not respond adequately to common over the counter pain relief medications. This type of pain is also categorized as pain that lasts for a period of more than 6 months, is due to non lethal medical conditions and if not treated or controlled, may be experienced for the lifetime of the person suffering.

What Causes Chronic Pain?

There are many factors and conditions that can lead to chronic pain in humans. Some are the results of aging and others may be triggered by injury or congenital circumstances. Some of the more common causes include:

• Injuries that were not properly healed

• Damage to nerves

• Traumatic injuries

• Osteoarthritis

• Diseases affecting the bones

• Internal organ conditions

• Migraine headaches

• Bad posture over time

• Curvature of the spine

Treating Chronic Pain

Most current pain relief approaches involve the use of medications and in some cases, behavioral modifications, physical therapy and even acupuncture. Some over the counter pain medications can be effective in treating mild forms of chronic pain however, prescription strength options are usually the preferred approach in helping chronic pain sufferers to live pain free. It is always important to consult a physician before taking any prescription pain killers but some of the names that you will likely see include: Carisoprodol (Soma), Butalbital (Fioricet), Celebrex, and Tramadol (Ultram).

Some extreme cases may also involve the use of a patient controlled drip mechanism that provides a continuous supply of pain medication. Some patients may be introduced to Trigger Point Injections which involve delivering pain medication directly to the muscles. Surgical implants and Electric Therapy are also sometimes used (although mostly in those with unique conditions and requirements).

Physical therapy is most often used while increasing the body’s flexibility and movement in those suffering with chronic pain. This approach is sometimes combined with electrical nerve stimulation which acts as a “scrambler” with the pain signals being sent to the brain for additional relief during physical therapy.

Psychological Effects of Chronic Pain

Chronic pain can have several addtional impacts on you that are completely psychological in nature. Feelings of sadness, despair and anger can have an impact on your personality and affect other areas of your life such as sleep patterns and inducing stress (which can actually make your physical pain worse). Treating the psychological effects of chronic pain can be difficult and is usually approached from the standpoint of modifying lifestyle practices and your behavior that trigger physical pain; this, along with being educated can be an effective way to treat the psychological conditions of chronic pain.

The treatement options put forth in this article are merely an introduction to this wide and complex topic. It is always best to consult with your doctor prior to engaging any treatment methods for chronic pain. It is only after getting a complete view of the cause that you can find the right treatment program. The main thing to remember is that it is no longer necessary to live with pain and that many treatment options are available. Taking the first steps towards treatment can be difficult for many but the benefits of a thorough pain management regimen can add significantly to your quality of life.



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If starting your day with a cup or coffee or two, having another while you’re on the road, another after arriving at work, and another to get through the afternoon slump, and perhaps a can of pop or a candy bar after work followed by an ice tea and ice cream after dinner, you may have a serious caffeine addiction.

Many people often feel irritable as the next day’s events are closing in on them at bed time and are restless about the next day’s problems race through their mind. It’s been like this for years for many of us, with an estimated 80 percent of adult Americans being regular coffee drinkers and each adult coffee drinker averaging 3.3 cups of coffee per day, without taking into account other sources of caffeine.

Caffeine can be found in tea, chocolate, soft drinks, and medicines, but is most often consumed in coffee. Coffee is somewhat popular because of the stimulating effect of its caffeine constituent, but it can contribute to irritability, depression, diarrhea, insomnia, and other disorders. The number one legal mind-altering drug in the world, caffeine is odorless, slightly bitter and can be found in coffee, tea, kola nuts, ilex plants, mate, and cocoa. You may know and accept that you have a caffeine habit, but many people are convinced that they need a pick-me-up from time to time in order to get through the day. What is important is that caffeine is not actually giving you the burst of energy, but instead negative moods and emotions.

The coffee tree, which is a small evergreen, has smooth leaves and clusters of fragrant white flowers that mature into red fruits that are about half of an inch long. The fruit contains two seeds usually, which become raw coffee beans when dried. After roasting, coffee contains more than 700 volatile substances including acids, alcohols, and even residues of cancer-causing pesticides. In all fairness, caffeine does act as a mild stimulant to the nervous system when used in moderation, which results in a feeling of well-being and alertness. It increases the heart rate, urination, and stimulates the secretion of stomach acid.

Although a little caffeine may wake us up and give us a sense of energy, too much caffeine actually hurts our moods and overall well being. Two cups of caffeine per day seems to have a positive effect, but research shows that even one cup a day is enough to cause dependence. Caffeine may temporarily improve your mood and give a sense of vitality, it wears off and your mood and energy levels crash to levels even lower than before. Additionally, our bodies adjust, causing us to need more caffeine to give us the same desired effect. Caffeine does not provide any energy or increase our alertness. Instead, it stimulates our bodies.

Excessive intake of coffee can lead to restlessness, insomnia, and heart irregularities. Those people who drink a lot of coffee often complain of jittery nerves, chronic anxiety, frequent bouts of diarrhea or loose stools, and restless nights. Coffee can also cause stomach and intestinal problems, as well as coronary diseases. An occasional cup of coffee is one thing, but depending on a cup to keep you awake is something entirely different.

Harsh symptoms of withdrawal such as headache, fatigue, and depression are common among regular caffeine users. Caffeine also causes the body to expel vital nutrients like b vitamins from the body that we need to function. If you consume more than two cups of coffee each day then a multi-vitamin should be taken once daily to help replenish was is lost by the diuretic effects of caffeine in the body.



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What if your morning dose of caffeine is responsible for you headaches!

Did you know that caffeine is one of the most usual drugs in our society? You can find this drug (yes it is a drug) in a lot of the food we eat everyday. You can find it in coffee, chocolate and more. This is probably one of the very few drugs that are legal and unrestricted. It is used everyday by millions of individuals if not more. You see the funny thing about caffeine and headache is that it’s a bit controversial. Some people experience headaches as a result of withdrawals symptoms from the drug, on the other hand Caffeine can help you get rid of a headache. I hope the following information will help you understand the relation between caffeine and headaches.

When Caffeine is the Cause for Your Headaches

Like I mentioned earlier headaches and caffeine have a very special relation. For some people the effect of caffeine withdrawal can actually target headaches. Of course this is not in every case. In fact you need to be a big coffee fan for this to happen (up to five cups of coffee a day). Although it can happen for people drinking less coffee but over a long period of use. You should also note that this drug is kind of unique. What I mean is that it’s very hard to overuse this drug. As a result those who are suffering from coffee withdrawal are going to have much less severe symptoms than other drugs users.

A good tip to avoid Caffeine withdrawal headaches would be to try to slowly diminish the quantity of products you ingest with caffeine in them. This technique works well when you are trying to keep that pain from happening. Don’t make the mistake of quitting completely in one day, this is a very good recipe to get the headaches very quickly.

When Caffeine is the Cure for Your Headaches

On the other hand caffeine can also be used as headache relief. You see caffeine is known in the medical world to help medicine work well. If you take analgesics for example, caffeine is complementing this kind of medicine making it more effective. This theory alone explains why medication like Excedrin contains caffeine. The good side of this is when using painkiller with caffeine for your headaches you will have to take less medication for it to works which is good.

One factor to be aware of is that caffeine can also be responsible for some people migraines. Many people are unaware of the fact that taking caffeine can be responsible for their headaches. For these people it is important to avoid taking coffee as a preventive measure. This is especially true for those who suffer from migraines. If this is your case you should avoid things like:

- Coffee

- Chocolate

- Painkillers with caffeine

I am sure by now you can see how unique the link between caffeine and headaches is. For some it can be a cause, for others a cure.



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An estimated eight out of ten people in the United States will injure their back at some point during their lives. Few of these problems will require extended treatment, but persistent back problems and back pain can still be very uncomfortable and stressful for many of us.

Managing and relieving back pain is not a simple process. The experience of back pain is subjective; so it’s often difficult to easily measure the level of treatment necessary. In fact, many health providers who treat back pain find it challenging to obtain the measurable signs in order diagnose a patient’s symptoms. Additionally, everyone’s experience of back pain is different.

Back pain descriptions range from the slight — such as; dull, sharp, and throbbing, to the extreme such as; pulsating, stabbing and shock-like — just to name a few. People experience and describe back pain so differently partly due to its varied and complex origins. In fact, pain originates from numerous places in the body, such as muscles, bones, nerves, organs or blood vessels. It is for these reasons that it often is difficult to target the exact origin of someone’s back pain.

Back pain can also be described as acute or chronic. The word “acute” derives from the Latin word for needles and is usually described as a severe, sharp sensation. The initial stage of an injury is called the acute phase. The word “chronic”, on the other hand, originated from the Greek word for time. Chronic back pain is pain that persists after a length of time, often months to years. Many back injuries tend to become chronic, especially when not treated properly during the acute phase. Chronic back pain is often experienced as a dull ache or constant nagging irritant.

Acute and chronic back pain sensations also travel different nervous system pathways inside the body. When you injure muscles or ligaments in your back, nerve endings called pain receptors pick up the pain impulses and transmit them to the spinal cord. From here, the pain message ascends to the brain. This process takes place at varying rates of speed depending on the size of the nerve fiber involved. Acute back pain tends to travel on faster, larger diameter fibers, while chronic back pain prefers smaller, slower pain fibers. Experts suggest that chronic back pain affects the brain’s limbic system, which is associated with emotional states. Anyone who has ever had a long-term painful back injury or regular back pain knows that negative or distressing emotions may accompany or perpetuate the initial injury.

The best way to treat chronic back pain is to prevent it. Although proficient early treatment does not always prevent an acute back pain injury from turning into a chronic problem, it is a good insurance policy. Early treatment is especially important with back pain injuries to the soft tissues (muscles, tendons and ligaments) to prevent them from becoming weaker, less elastic and more pain-sensitive. One of the best ways to treat both acute and chronic soft tissue injuries is a hands-on approach that works to repair the injured tissues. Some examples are joint and soft tissue manipulation and mobilization, typically performed by a chiropractor or osteopath.

A good chiropractor can make a big difference for most individuals experiencing either chronic or acute back pain. A chiropractor may suggest stretching exercises and make regular adjustments to a patient’s back in order to relieve back pain. Other good options for back pain are massage and physical therapy. A formal rehabilitation program at a health club or therapy clinic may also help to strengthen weakened and damaged muscles, especially the core stabilizers of the back which often are the cause of chronic back pain. The healing power of the hands-on approach is a positive experience that many people enjoy through therapeutic massage or body work.

The effects of a good massage go much deeper than the skin’s surface. Massage and chiropractic therapy can:

1) Help improve circulation of the blood and lower blood pressure while alleviating back pain. 2) Act as a detoxification system by propelling toxic waste products through the lymphatic system. 3) Help to improve muscle tone and prevent muscular atrophy resulting from inactivity or illness. 4) Reduce emotional stress and promote a sense of well-being.

How can something as simple as this hands-on therapy have so many positive benefits? A tense or painful muscle is one which is often chronically contracted. In an acute situation such as recent injury, the muscle can be in actual spasm. This contraction or spasm decreases the flow of blood to the muscle, which leads to a decrease in the nutrient and oxygen supply to the cells of the muscle and related nerves. A chronically contracted muscle will build up lactic acid, a sign of fatigue. This oxygen shortage and lactic acid buildup irritates the nerve cells, which perpetuates the contracted muscles – often resulting in discomfort and back pain. Massage and chiropractic therapy can help remove the lactic acid and other metabolic waste products from the cells and reverse this process, interrupting the vicious cycle of pain-spasm-pain. This can do wonders for most sufferers of back pain and have a lasting impact for many patients.

There are a multitude of massage styles which are beneficial to helping back pain. These options depend upon the individual’s needs and preferences. They include:

Swedish Massage: this is the basic “relaxation” style of body work, which uses long strokes, squeezing and kneading. The Swedish practitioner helps to improve circulation and back pain by working to loosen or relax the superficial layers of muscle. This type of massage is particularly useful for muscles and back pain which are the result of stress or a tough workout, as it is often more gentle than other styles.

Sports Massage: this form of massage therapy works on a deeper level of musculature or connective tissue. This style fits more with the “no pain, no gain” philosophy. The therapist uses slow, hard strokes and deep, sustained finger pressure to work deeply into the contracted muscles, fascia and tendons to help alleviate back pain. This technique increases flexibility, encourages muscles to work at their fullest capacity, and speeds up the healing process by reducing swelling following an injury. It is especially indicated for athletes and “week-end warriors” who suffer from tight or sore muscles and can be another successful solution for back pain.

Shiatsu and Acupressure: rather than being simply relaxing, this form of body work tends to be invigorating. Fingers, thumbs, fists and elbows are used to apply pressure to points along acupuncture meridians, which are believed to be the energy pathways of the body and which can help alleviate a patient’s back pain. The focus of this type of therapy is on relieving blocks in the pathways and re balancing the flow of energy.

Reflexology and Zone Therapy: reflexology works on the assumption that parts of the feet (as well as parts of the ears and hands) correspond to other parts of the body’s anatomy. In other words, stress or illness in a certain part of the body may show up as a painful or sensitive area on a specific area of the foot. Reflexologists apply pressure to the side, top or bottom of the feet to help reduce dysfunction in other parts of the body which can be helpful for those suffering through chronic back pain.

Not all techniques work for everyone, so make sure to inquire about the philosophy and style of the massage therapist you call. If your massage isn’t as satisfying as you had hoped or your back pain doesn’t go away, don’t give up, try another therapist!

Massage therapy schools are a cost-effective way to test out different styles of massage; senior students generally work for lower fees while they complete their internship. There are a few conditions in which massage would not be a good option for the treatment of back pain, such as inflammation, fever, significant swelling or very severe back pain. But for the garden variety aches and back pains that most of us experience, as well as for the general stresses of life, massage is an outstanding way to treat ourselves to a positive, revitalizing experience.



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is one of the more common pain sensations that we may feel in our lifetime. The stress resulting in back pain can come from many causes such as when one carries heavy weight, performs a strenuous exercise, or when one assumes an improper posture or bed position. The most dreaded back pain is lower back pain, which could be a symptom of various complications in the abdomen area. Pain experienced in the lower back makes it difficult for people to stand upright, walk, and perform other more physical activities.

Back pain, common as it is, can render an individual unavailable to work. In fact, it is second only to the common cold as the biggest reason why people skip work. For highly physical tasks like construction or any other fieldwork, having lower back pain will cause you to under perform in your tasks. That is why lower back pain should be attended to properly.

Back pain is also one of the most common reasons why people go to the hospital or to the doctor’s office. If the back pain turns for the worse and becomes a chronic back pain, the doctor can recommend several treatments to curb the symptom. However, acute or intermittent back pain can be treated in your home.

The first thing that you can do for back pain treatments is to assume an appropriate bed position when sleeping. Most of the problems in our back can occur because of the strain experienced when we lie down. When your back assumes a strenuous position for long hours, which is the case when we sleep, we will feel the pain the first thing in the morning. You can correct this by sleeping with a pillow between your knees and lie sideways. This will increase the comfort of your back since it avoids unnecessary strain. Check with your doctor for the right kind of mattress that you should lie on according to your body type. While it may seem drastic to change beds, it will actually help your back in the long run.

Exercise is also another way to alleviate back pain. While there is no one exercise that can solve all back problems, any form of exercise is useful to loosen up your back muscles, bones, and joints. If you have chronic back pain, exercise is the best way for you to return to normal activities at work. Some chronic back pains can go away even without treatment, but regular exercise will speed up the recovery process.

Non-prescription medications can also provide relief from back pain. You can take these medicines for temporary pain alleviation. Some of these medicines include ibuprofen like Advil, Motrin, and Nuprin. These medicines are excellent pain relievers and are readily available over the counter. If you have chronic back pain, it is not advised to take these medicines regularly, because they may increase the risk for ulcers and gastrointestinal complication. Seek the assistance of your doctor, so he can give you the right combination of medicines that you can sustain for long-term intake. Your doctor can suggest other drugs like acetaminophen, which is an effective substitute for ibuprofen.

A non-traditional way to treat back pain is acupuncture. Acupuncture therapy is a Chinese medical practice that involves sticking needles on key points of the body. Scientific studies have shown that acupuncture is more effective than conventional methods in treating back pains.

Massage during bed rest is also an effective way to treat back pains. Massage with topical medicines and ointments essentially heats up the back and relaxes the muscles to make them loose. With regular application, you can treat chronic back pains in a fair amount of time. A back massage is also one of the highly recommended treatments because it brings immediate relief.

There are some wide misconceptions regarding back pain treatments that you should avoid if you want to heal permanently. First, stretching does not help. Stretching places additional strain on a patient’s back that can worsen the situation, especially if the stretching is not done right. Secondly, prolonged bed rest is not a back pain treatment. In fact, doctors encourage their patients to exercise as much as possible to loosen their backs. While bed rest immediately relieves back pain, it can flare up as easily when you get up. At the same time, being at rest for a long period of time can lead to depression and other complications.

Back pains have common treatments just as it is a very common occurrence. If the symptoms persist, it is best to consult your doctor, so he can consider other possibilities for your back pain. Perhaps there is a more serious underlying condition such as structural bone damage, arthritis, or osteoporosis. It is important to know more about your condition, so you can treat it promptly.



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Acetaminophen overdose has been in the news and a subject of concern lately. What is it, what does it do to my liver, and how can I protect myself? Find out here.

Acetaminophen (or paracetamol in Great Britain) is used by many people today as an over-the-counter drug for pain relief and to reduce fever. Acetaminophen is also an active ingredient in many over the counter cold, flu, and sleeping remedies. It is the active ingredient in many recognized pain relievers such as over the counter drugs Tylenol, Excedrin, and prescription brands Vicoden and Percocet.

Acetaminophen quickly gained popularity when it was introduced into the market in the 1950′s since it doesn’t contain the warnings for gastrointestinal bleeding and stomach upset that aspirin does. As a result, people may tend to down them quite regularly with little thought. This is not without serious risk.

On June 29 and 30, 2009, the Food and Drug Administration advisory panel held meetings to discuss the safety of acetaminophen and possible new guidelines for safe consumption of this drug. Why the worries? Acetaminophen, when taken according to labels, has been considered generally safe. It is widely used by millions at safe levels with minimal side effects. However, when these guidelines are exceeded, this is called acetaminophen overdose.

What are the dangers of acetaminophen? Most people think of alcohol abuse or hepatitis as being the most common causes of liver failure. They are not. Acetaminophen overdose is the leading cause of liver damage in the United States. This can be manifested in abnormal liver function, elevated liver enzymes, or even liver failure and death. Acetaminophen leaves toxic residues in the liver, and the liver requires assistance to remove them from your body. These residues can build up over time if your liver doesn’t have what it needs to do the job. Research has shown us that acetaminophen was the leading cause of acute liver failure in the U.S. from 1998 to 2003.

In the United Kingdom, where acetaminophen is known as paracetamol, it is common practice for those wanting to commit suicide to mix alcohol and acetaminophen, which is one of the dangers of acetaminophen, and this can lead to liver failure. This may prove fatal if not treated right away. As a result, the packaging has been changed on products in that country, and limits have been put on its purchase. The warnings are very clear on the label, and as a result, there have been fewer incidences of suicide attempts with paracetamol overdose. The most common way to treat acetaminophen overdose in Europe if the patient gets to a hospital in time is to administer large doses of a drug called N-acetyl-cysteine or NAC. This quickly raises a protein called glutathione in the patient’s system, and they may get sick from the high dosage, but it keeps their liver from failing completely and can save their life in this extreme circumstance.

In order to prevent these dangers of acetaminophen, the most important step you can take is to read all of the information on the label, and follow dosing instructions carefully. Do not take more than the recommended dose, even if you think you might need it. One difference between acetaminophen and other painkillers is that the window between therapeutic and toxic doses is much narrower than other drugs. With acetaminophen, there is not much room for error. On the label it will indicate how long or for how many days you should take the medicine. Follow this precaution carefully as well. Generally, you should not be taking this for more than 10 days in a row. Seek medical attention if your problem persists.

And read the labels of all of the medicines you are taking to make sure that you are not “doubling up” on safe dosages to prevent dangers of acetaminophen and acetaminophen overdose. Do not mix acetaminophen with alcohol. This increases the toxic load on the liver.

Know what to look for. Some of the signs of acetaminophen overdose mimc flu symptoms. In this case, you may think you have the flu, but if you have been taking acetaminophen for several days, it is a good idea to seek medical attention immediately. It may save your life! Of course, a common sense approach would be to stay well below the established guidelines if possible to protect your liver even further. An ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure!

The best way to avoid acetaminophen and liver damage is to take care of your liver and make sure it is not overloaded with toxins in the first place. Additionally, pay close attention to all toxins that your liver is exposed to, whether this be in the form of over the counter or prescription drugs, alcohol, or other toxins in your environment. It is also important to note that use of acetaminophen depletes the levels of protective glutathione in your system. The Food and Drug Administration has a Power Point Presentation that includes a list of glutathione depleting substances. This list includes acetaminophen , alcohol, smoking and caffeine. So when you are taking this medicine, it would be good to make sure you are raising your glutathione levels as well to help your liver to remove it from your body and prevent liver damage.

For a long term preventive approach for acetaminophen and liver damage, you need a dual strategy. Don’t overload your liver with toxins, and then give your liver what it needs to cope with the chemicals and toxins that you are exposed to.

In conclusion, what is acetaminophen overdose? It is the leading cause of liver damage in the US, and is the result of taking more acetaminophen than the recommended safe dose. To prevent acetaminophen toxicity, please read the labels on all medications you take carefully. To protect your liver from acetaminophen overdose, do not exceed the safe dose, limit your drug and toxin exposure, and keep your glutathione levels high. This will prevent liver damage and keep your liver healthy. And if your liver is healthy, you are healthy!



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Who get migraine?

Physiologically, migraine headache is a neurological condition that is more commonly known to afflict women than men. Women experience migraines at least three times more often than men, probably because of hormonal changes. However, migraines can occur in children also, but they mostly appear in people in their twenties or thirties.

Studies have revealed that migraines could be inherited. For example, if one parent is afflicted with migraine, there is a 40% chance that the child will have migraine. If both parents have migraine, the probability increases to 75%.

Although, there is no specific migraine personality, most migraine sufferers have been found to be perfectionists, high-strung, conscientious, orderly, analytical and critical.

Symptoms and treatment of migraine

Symptoms of Migraine

Migraine pain generally differs from other types of headache; it has specific symptoms that may vary in intensity, character, frequency and duration. Migraine attacks can appear from a couple of times a year to almost every day. The two main types of migraine are:

Classical Migraine – migraine with aura Common Migraine – migraine without no warning or aura

A few migraine patients may experience an aura, which is normally treated as a sign of the pain to come. The aura consists of bright spots or zigzag lines and blurred vision or temporary visual loss. In rare cases numbness or tingling of the face and lips can also be observed. However, these symptoms generally disappear within an hour and are then replaced by a headache. In some cases the aura may not be followed by headaches.

Common migraine headache mostly begin without warning and are most commonly experienced by children. Common symptoms of this migraine are associated with:

Intense head pain (the pain begins on one side of the head and spreads downward to the eye, face and even neck; the pain can also switch sides or affect both sides at once) Relentless throbbing or pounding deep in the head Nausea Vomiting Strong and painful reactions to light and loud noises Activity associated pain (the simple act of moving may be difficult during the migraine attack) Not being able to carry out day to day activities. The need to lie down during attacks

People may sometimes experience all or some of the symptoms which are either moderate or severe. Migraine attacks may last from anywhere up to four hours to three days. This affliction has the potential to severely disrupt your work and family life as well as your social activities.

Migraine trigger

Migraine, it is believed, is triggered by changes in the neurotransmitters and blood vessels in the brain. However, certain factors have been identified that can trigger attacks in susceptible people. They are:

Stress (or sometimes the relief of stress) Lack of food or infrequent meals Certain foods products containing monosodium glutamate, caffeine, tyramine or alcohol Overtiredness (both physical and mental) Changing sleep patterns (e.g. weekend lie ins, sleeplessness or shift work) Hormonal factors (e.g. monthly periods, contraceptive pill, HRT or menopause) Extreme emotions (e.g. anger, grief etc.) Physical activity Environmental factors (e.g. loud noise, bright or flickering lights, strong perfumes, hot stuffy atmosphere, VDUs etc.) Climatic conditions (e.g. strong winds, extreme heat or cold)

For most people, afflicted with migraines, it is usually not any one trigger but a combination of factors which collectively work against a person’s threshold and an attack is triggered.

Cefaly medical device for migraine

Cefaly is a medical device that relieves pain in people suffering from migraines and cluster/tension headaches as well as trigeminal neuralgia and frontal sinusitis. It has a full EEC medical certification. A patented system, it bears the ISO and CE medical mark.

The unit consists of a band that is worn around the front of the head and it then sends electrical impulses through an electrode patch placed in between the eyebrows. This device works on the trigeminal nerves at the front of the face. It works at three programme levels. They are:

Programme 1 – Is a treatment programme, based on TENS technology. It works on blocking the flow of pain at the entrance of the spinal cord. Programme 2 – Is the preventive or endorphinic programme. It increases the endorphins (natural painkillers) in the central nervous system. Programme 3 – Is the anti-stress and relaxation programme.

Numerous tests and clinical studies have been conducted that prove that Cefaly is effective, with almost 85% of its users being extremely satisfied with the results.



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Before you can understand how to manage migraines naturally, it is necessary to understand exactly what they are and how certain treatments could work. It is not generally known that the word migraine means half the head because it frequently hurts only on the right or the left of the head of sufferer. Some people with migraines do feel pain on both sides at once, although this is not generally the case.

A migraine occurs in stages which are activated by fluctuations in the hormone content of the blood. The aura, when you see spots and flashing lights in front of your eyes, is the first stage of a migraine attack, and during this time the blood vessels in your neck and head are contracting. You could also find it difficult to concentrate and your fingers could feel cold. At this point they do not have the headache that starts when the blood vessels begin to dilate.

Rather than the contracted blood vessels slowly returning to normal, your hormones have an excessively strong reaction, and cause them to dilate rapidly and become much wider than they should be leading to a severe headache due to pressure on the nerves. Different hormones can be involves with each attack, and the range of effective natural treatments reflect this fact.

During this period, your brain could swell slightly, your muscles can tense up and other things can happen to the chemical and hormonal balance of your body. That is why some herbal treatments work for some but not for others, and different people find different treatments effective for them. What works for you might not work for somebody else if their migraine has a different cause. Basically, though, migraines occur in two phases, one being associated with an excess of hormones and the other with a shortage.

It is not easy to live with a migraine since it can be completely debilitating. Some just have a severe headache, while others are affected for days at a time. The headache can become before and after the onset of the shimmering lights and other optical effects that are generated by the brain. It would certainly be useful if those prone to migraines had one or more of the possible natural remedies to hand since there is rarely time to seek to seek professional medical help once the migraine begins, and through the use of natural remedies a potentially bad attack could be nipped in the bud, and at least its effect on you reduced.

Magnesium

Magnesium is common in green leafy vegetables such as spinach and cabbage, whole grains, nuts and seeds. It is an essential mineral for human biochemistry, and is also needed with calcium for healthy bone development and maintenance.

Magnesium is a muscle relaxant, and relaxes the muscles of the blood vessels helping them to relax their dilatancy that cause the migraine pain. It is also useful to help the immune function, reduces blood pressure (by the same blood vessel relaxing mechanism) and also the rhythm of your heart. Magnesium therefore provides you with many health benefits, and though the western diet is not generally deficient in magnesium, some areas can be and a magnesium-containing supplement will not do you harm.

However, particularly high dose of magnesium can lead to nausea, diarrhea, low blood pressure and many other unpleasant side effects, so do not take more than the RDA (recommended daily allowance) in your supplement. Many studies have confirmed its effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of migraine, but not all studies have been successful. However, the condition is so debilitating to so many people, that it should be tried although not in excess. Make sure, however, that your doctor is informed since it could interfere with other medication you are taking for your migraine.

Riboflavin, vitamin B 2, is also believed to useful in reducing the duration and frequency of migraine attacks, working in much the same way as magnesium. It is known that there are many cases of people who suffer from vitamin B 2 deficiency also suffering from migraines, and a riboflavin supplement is also worth trying if you are a consistent victim of this condition.

Feverfew

Feverfew is the best known of the herbal remedies for migraine, and has been used for centuries in the treatment of fevers, headache, migraine and other painful conditions such as arthritis. The active ingredient is parthenolide, an anti inflammatory that is also an anti hyperalgesic, and that would explain its effect on reducing the pain. It also blocks lipolysaccharide induced osteolysis by suppressing the activity of a eukaryotic transcription factor protein known as NF kappaB that can cause a number of immune response problems, including inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, hence its use to relieve that condition.

Its effect on migraines could be explained by this activity in repressing the inflammatory response to certain stimuli that could be brought about by hormonal activity. Because it must be taken for a few weeks before the actual problem arises in order to be effective against it, feverfew is not effective to treat an existing attack, but to prevent future attacks. Double blind studies have proved its effectiveness in many tests, but not in all. However, if you take feverfew as a regular supplement in you diet, you might never have to try magnesium or vitamin B 2 supplements.

Some people swear by the leaves of feverfew, eating one per day which is easy way to take it. It is important, however, that you do so regularly, since it can take for up to 6 to 8 weeks for you to notice a reduction in your attacks. Don’t give up after 5 or 6 weeks, but continue, since the results will be well worth it. If you stop for a week or two you will have to start all over again. You might get a sore mouth and perhaps mouth ulcers to start with, but these will eventually go once your body is used to it.

You are probably best not to take if you are pregnant since it could cause you to abort. Otherwise, however, it has been shown to be effective in many severe cases. Feverfew is bitter, and can be used as a tea with other herbs, such as rosemary, lavender and sage. If you are taking warfarin, aspirin or other blood-thinning drugs, see your doctor first, and the same is true of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). If you are taking these for arthritis, the feverfew itself might be more effective!

If you are taking feverfew as a supplement using commercially available dried leaf then the recommended dosage is around 125mg of the dried leaf. It should contain at least 0.2% of parthenolide (0.25mg/daily), although other studies have indicated that a total of 0.7 mg parthenolide a day should be taken (100mg at 0.7%). Parthenolide is unstable so don’t take it after its sell by or best by date.

Butterbur

Butterbur is also useful in the treatment of migraines. The active ingredient here is petasin, a sesquiterpene ester that also has anti-inflammatory properties, all though it works in a different manner to feverfew. Here, it inhibits the activities of leukotriene generation in neutrophils and eosinophils, which indicates that it also possesses anti-allergenic properties that could help asthmatics that also suffer from migraines. It does not prevent the release of histamine, but does appear to reduce smooth muscle spasm.

You should never take the raw herb, only the extract, because it contains alkaloids that can harm you. The butterbur extract, however, is a perfectly safe supplement and found effective by many people in the treatment of migraine.

Ginger

If your migraine is at the front of the head, then you should try ginger. Unlike feverfew, ginger works on a migraine as it is occurring, and improvement can be achieved for a bad migraine within half an hour. In fact if, like many people, you can feel a migraine coming on, half a teaspoon of freshly ground ginger can stop the pain before it starts.

Many herbal treatments for migraine include a combination of some of the above remedies, and many people swear by them. However, migraine treatment is very personal, and you should use what works best for you. If you are also taking other medical treatments however, please make sure that you refer to your physician before using any others, and that includes herbal remedies or supplements.



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A migraine attack can occur once in a month, once a week or even once every day and hence it is episodic. It occurs in the brain and nerves and so is neurological and therefore, migraine is defined as an episodic neurological disorder.

The migraine attack may occur for the first time for boys at about 10 years of age and for girls, the peak age for experiencing a migraine is near 14 years, during their first menstrual period. So, it is sensible to conclude that migraines may be hormonally related and is often referred to as a menstrual migraine.

When compared to other migraines, menstrual migraines last longer, are more severe, occur more often with nausea and vomiting and are more difficult to treat. Migraines are related to changes in the level of estrogen during a woman’s menstrual cycle, which drops immediately before the start of menstrual flow.

Premenstrual migraines regularly occur during or after the time when the female hormones estrogen and progesterone decrease to their lowest levels. But generally, migraine attacks disappear during pregnancy. Women who undergo hormone replacement therapy for menopause and those who take birth control pills experience change in the frequency or severity of migraine headaches.

Strictly, a menstrual migraine is the one, which starts from two days before to three days after the first day of period and occurs around most of the periods. There are two types of migraine; pure menstrual migraine is the one, which occurs only around periods and not at other times and menstrual associated migraine is the other that occurs around the periods and at other times too.

Migraines become more frequent while a woman approaches the menopause, since the level of estrogen tends to fluctuate at this stage. However, once past the menopause, the number of migraines tends to reduce. A migraine diary maintained for three months or so helps to see the pattern of migraines and confirm it as a menstrual migraine.

For women, who have a severe menstrual migraine, it is better to prevent them before the attack -at least to make it less frequent and less severe. It is good to maintain a dairy to compare before and after treatment. Once the migraine attack takes place, the treatment for it is the same as for other causes of migraine, such as anti-inflammatory painkillers and taking estrogen supplements.

Anti inflammatory painkillers can be used to treat migraine attacks and a short course can be used to treat as soon as the period starts, until the end of the menstrual period. But people who have duodenal ulcer or asthma cannot take such medications. A few days use of anti-inflammatory pill will have no side effects. Another option for treatment of menstrual migraine is to enhance the level of estrogen just before and during the periods, which is like hormone replacement therapy just for seven days each month.



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Caffeine



1. What is it and where is it from?

Caffeine was discovered in 1820. In 1838, it was found that theine, a substance in tea, was chemically identical to caffeine. A handful of caffeine containing plants are used more around the world as a beverage than any other plants or herbs put together. Some of the many natural plants containing caffeine are: Coffee, Tea, Kola, Cocoa, and Guarana.

Caffeine is an alkaloid; of which there are numerous compounds such as the methylxanthines, with three distinguished compounds: caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine, found in guarana, kola nuts, coffee, tea, cocoa beans, mate and other plants. These compounds have different biochemical effects, and are present in different ratios in the different plant sources.

Caffeine is the most popular drug in the World. It is a strong stimulant to the Central Nervous System. Moderate use provides positive effects for everyone, male and female; although excessive use can cause unwanted side effects.

2. What are it’s effects and is there scientific evidence behind it?

Caffeine is is used to boost energy and is perfect to super energize your body for powerful workouts. It is a fast-acting substance that delivers the right molecular structure to your energy systems for maximum energy and power output. Caffeine acts like Ephedra to increase alertness and provide the neurological surge you need to train to the max. However, it is not just a stimulant. This powerful substance works right into the muscle cell to provide lasting power and delays muscle fatigue.

So how does caffeine provide you with maximum energy and increased endurance? Caffeine causes more alertness and increases levels of focus. The structure of caffeine is very similar to that of adenine (C 5 H 5 N 5; 6-aminopurine; a component of ATP, DNA, and cyclic AMP). This explains why caffeine has such a stimulating effect. Because of the structural similarities, caffeine can fit into adenosine receptors, keeping cyclic AMP active rather than it being broken down. When cyclic AMP is broken down, the body’s supply of energy decreases. Caffeine fools the body into using enzymes to break it down instead, the cyclic AMP supply stays at a higher level for longer!

3. Who needs to take it?

Nobody actually needs caffeine per se, but articles that have been written said if all of America were to stop drinking caffeine-containing drinks, productivity would fall by 70%. So, anyone who wants to be more alert and needs a mental or physical boost could use caffeine safely. Anyone who does not like coffee or who doesn’t want to drink caffeinated drinks could easily supplement their diets with an energy-enhancing supplement that contains caffeine.

4. How much should be taken?

Adults should limit their intake to about 250mg per day. Pregnant women should be much more conservative with their intake.



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