Posts Tagged ‘Opiate Receptors’

Buprenorphine and Suboxone, Treating Opioid Addictions

Marquis Nelson asked:




Buprenorphine is an opiod medication used in the treatment of opioid addiction. It is usually dispensed by a physician as a take home treatment. Heroin and other opiate addictions can be safely treated and by the process of gaining American FDA approval it has crossed one major hurdle.

While Buprenorphine is the generic name for a chemical compound, short form for Buprenorphine Hydrochloride and is a semi-synthetic opioid. Suboxone and Subutex are brand names of Buprenorphine-based medications.

Suboxone contains 4 parts Buprenorphine and 1 part naloxone. Only active ingredient in Subutex is Buprenorphine. Most physicians prefer Suboxone because it is less likely to be misused due to presence of the naloxone. Even though Suboxone was invented for the US market, it is available in other countries as well.

Buprenorphine as a Cure

For treating opiate addiction Buprenophine as an analgesic may act as fourth medication other being methadone, naltrexone, and LAAM (l-alpha-acetyl-methadol). Buprenorphine’s unique effects and pharmacology make it an attractive and clinically helpful treatment option. For example, buprenorphine produces less euphoria than morphine and heroin. Significant lower degree of sedation and respiratory depression is caused by buprenorphine than other opiates; heroin overdoses gets dangerous when breathing gets slowed down. Even high doses of buprenorphine–as much as 100 times the dose at which it produces analgesia–do not produce dangerous respiratory effects. “Respiratory depression caused by buprenorphine is not of clinical concern,” says Segal, “which makes it an extremely attractive treatment alternative.”

Buprenorphine being an agonist which are chemicals that bind to and stimulate opiate receptors has limited side effects.

SUBOXONE Treatment

The use of Suboxone as an office based treatment for opioid dependence can be divided into 6 phases:

Pretreatment Screening: The goal in this phase is to determine whether office based treatment is best course of action for a particular patient. It consists of a brief interview conducted over phone or in person.

Intake: patients accepted for treatment in the pretreatment screening are then scheduled for intake. To establish the patient’s medical record showing suitability for office based treatment is the main objective of the intake.

Induction: The chief goal is to safely suppress opioid withdrawal as rapidly as possible with adequate doses of SUBOXONE. The patient should be warned of possible moderate opioid withdrawal symptoms. This stage usually lasts anywhere from 2-5 days and should begin immediately following intake.

Stabilization: During this stage the patient’s SUBOXONE dose is “fine-tuned.” The objective is being to find the minimum dose necessary to hold the patient in treatment and suppress opioid withdrawal effects, and use. This is done with progressive dose adjustments.

Maintenance:

Chief goals are:

Prevent opioid withdrawal symptoms

Suppress opioid cravings

Self-administered opioids are attenuated for use

Medically Supervised Withdrawal: Only when the patient and physician agree that it is beneficial, it is done to them. The patient’s SUBOXONE dose should be slowly tapered at a rate that both physician and patient consider acceptable.

Patients should be prepared for the possibility of mild, transitory withdrawal symptoms, which may include reduced energy, reduced appetite, irritability, or insomnia.

When applying SUBOXONE treatment, therapy and psychosocial counseling should be continued and regularly monitored. Person’s recovery and well being are dependent on these steps.



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Tramadol: a pain reliever

Jaun Koos asked:




In today’s fast paced life no one has much time for relaxation. There are so many things to do in little time that sometimes we work more than what our body allows. All this makes us feel exhausted and over worked. Due to this we encounter pain in different parts of our body and if not treated in initial stage pain can increase considerably. To treat pain in any part of the body we take pain killers. You must be thinking how this pain relievers work. Basically these pain killers act on the points in brain through which feeling of pain is transmitted to different parts of the body. Though you will find people advising not to take pain killers frequently but in most of the cases you have to pop in pain relievers for getting relief from unbearable pain at a faster speed.

There are many types of pain relievers which you can take to seek relief from pain. One of the most commonly prescribed is tramadol pain reliever. Tramadol is a kind of analgesic which acts at the centre and is used world wide for treating both mild and severe types of pain. Other popular name for tramadol is ultram which many people make use of in different parts of the world. Also tramadol is an opioid which makes it act on different opiate receptors in human brain. Due to this and few other characteristics tramadol is considered different from all other types of pain relievers. With tramadol pain relief function one can find out how much important tramadol is for the functioning of human body and mind in a normal manner.

Though tramadol is capable of treating a number of problems like depression, phobias and anxiety but the most common use of it is in treating pain. It not only works well in case of mild pain but can also help you in getting relief from severe pain. If you want to buy tramadol for keeping pain away then it is advisable that you should consult a doctor before that. There are many forms in which tramadol is available in the market like capsules, tablets, powder and liquid. Each type is used for some specific treatment which a doctor can only tell. But there are some side-effects of tramadol. The side effects include nausea, constipation, vomiting and sweating. Other problems reported by people using tramadol are respiratory depression and increase in risk of serotonin syndrome. Tramadol is useful in enhancing immune function unlike other opioids.



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This page is provided for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice of a medical doctor, nurse, nurse practitioner or other qualified health professional.